Calculating-machine.



A. J. MEIER. GALGULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 18, 1907.

4 SHEETBSHEET 1.

Patented June 8, 1909.

Wl'in asg A. J. MEIER. UALGULATIN G MACHINE. APPLIQATION FILED SBPT.18, 1 9o7.

. 4 BEEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented June 8, 1909.

A. J. MEIER. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 18, 1907.

Patented Julie 8, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

fill/222210 A T. MEIER. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SBPT.18, 1907.

Patented June 8, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

laid/auto flLBaQIJZE B 6 W.

lia'sfliiornoy.

Zlb'inesses line 66, Figs. 2 and 7; Fig. 7 is aside eleon the side opposite that exposed in Fig. 3;

journaled; Fig. 16 is a section on the line citizen of the United'States,

. ments in Calculating-Machines, I following is a specification,

' improvements adapted to be used in the addthe accumulating mechanism;

UNITED STATES PATENT onnron ALBERT .I. MEIER, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO THE DUPLEXADDING MACHINE COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Fatented June 8, 1909.

Application filed September 18,1907. Seriai No. 393,494.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT J. MEIER, a

residing in the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improveof which the reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to machines for mechanically addin aggregate or tota x'mechanism; Fig.

one of the members by which the columnse aratin levers are moved; and Fig; 20 is a ongitu, inal sectional view of a modified form of the machine.

The aforesaid a plication of Adolphus G. Meier fully descri es the construction and operation of thejvarious parts of the addingmachine in connection wlth which the register or total-izer and other improvements forming the subject-matter'of this application are herein shown as being used, and such of those parts as are herein mentioned are referred to only briefly. In each application the same reference numerals are used to designate parts which are common to the two machines, while parts peculiar to this inventionand not shown in said former application are designated by reference numerals higher than any used in said other application.

Briefly to describe the general modus opemndt of the machine, it may be said that the listing type 34 carried upon the peripheries of sectors 8 are raised to printing position (opposite ribbon 35) by depression of keys 12, which keys 'cause the sectors to rotate upon shaft 7. Ihe sectors, when thus rotated, give a forward thrust to rack-bars 38, which, meshing with the ratchet-wheels 42 secured to the adding-wheels 43,revolve said adding-wheels in the direction indicated by the arrows, Figs. printing type 54 thereupon to be exposed to ribbon 55. After each. item is set up by depression of item is printed by moving platen 103 against type 34, and, when all the items to be added have been listed and printed, the total is taken by moving the platen against 54. So far as the carrying or transfer mechanism, by which each time an adding-wheel passes from 9 to 0 one is carried or trans ferred to the wheel next higher in the series (the one adjacent on the right, Fig. 6), said higher wheel being advanced one number, the zero-setting devices, or other features of invention relating to the accumulator or totalizer are concerned, however, the nature of the means for rotating the adding-wheels is immaterial.

The adding-wheels are mounted upon a shaft 56 supported by the side-plates 57, and

items or numbers 'into an and embodies a number of ing-machine invented by Adolphus G. Meier and described and shown in his pending. ap-' plication, Serial Number- 330,278, filed August 13, 1906, but so far as the register or accumulating mechanism which forms part of the subject-matter of this application is concerned, the aforesaid machine is merely illustrative and these improvements may be applied to any other machine which will properly rotate the adding-wheels.

In the drawings, forming part of this specifioation, in which like numbers of reference denote like parts wherever they occur, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the preferred form of the machine; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the accumulating mechanism; Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3,- Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a side elevation and Fig. 5 is a top plan view of a partition plate; Fig. 6 is a view of twoadjacent adding-wheels, partly in elevation, and partly in section on the vation of an adding-wheel, as same appears and on an enlarged scale as compared to that figure; Fig. 8 is 'a side elevation of one of the transfer pawls; Fig. 9 is a top plan view of one of these pawls and the pin upon which same. is pivoted to its adding-wheel; Fig. 10 is ziperspective view ofthe yoke which forms pa t of the zero-setting mechanism; Fig. 11 18 a .side elevation of the casing containing Fig. 12 is a section on the line 1212, Fig. 2; Fig. 13 is a detailed view "of part'of aside late; Fig. 14 is an elevation of one of the co umn-separating levers; Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the shaft on-which the adding-wheels are 16 16, Fig. 15; Fig. 17 is a section of a modified-formof shaft, taken on the same I line; 18 is a perspective view of the between each adding-wheel and the one adcomb w ch forms part of the zero-setting jacent is a partition plate 46, which plates 19 is a perspective view of 3 and 7, and cause the total-' gages that are held upon rods 126 extending from one plate 57 to the other. To eaclradding-wheel is secured a ratchet-wheel 42, by means of whichthe proper rack-bar 38 rotates same, and each adding-wheel (except the one lowest in the series) carries, also, another ratchetwheel 150, by means of which the transfer is accomplished. A pin 151 projects outwardly from each adding-wheel parallel to the axis thereof, upon which pin is pivoted a multiple-toothed pawl 152, and each time the adder is given that partial rotation which causes it to move from f" 9 to 0 thus signifying that said adder has accumulated ten units (or ten tens or ten hundreds, etc.) which must be properly carried or transferred-to the next higher column, the end 153 of pawl 152 engages a tooth 154 of the ratchet 150 secured to the adding-wheel next higher in the series, thus causing the two wheels to rotate in unison, being lifted out of such engagement and stopping the rotation of said higher adding-wheel as soon as same has been advanced one number.

Each partition plate 46 has a perforation 1 55, and, when the parts are assembled, the pawl 152 and ratchet 150 are within this perforation, and the end 1560f pawl 152- rides against the edge of the perforation, the position of said pawl with reference to the ratchet 150 being controlled thereby. The outer curved edge of the notch 158 constitutes a segment of a circle concentric with the circle partially described by the edge of the remainder of perforation 155, and, during the time that end 156 of pawl 152 enpart of the circumference lying in the circle of smaller radius (which part comprises approximately nine-tenths of its total circumference) end 153 of the pawl is kept clear. of ratchet 150 and each adding-wheel rotates independently of its neighbor. When, however, end 156 rides over corner157 and engages the segment 158 of the circle of larger r; ius, end 153 drops down, bears against a tooth 154, and the two wheels rotate in unison until such time as end 156 rides upon corner 159, by which it is lifted out of engagement with the ratchet, and the adders move independentl as before. The notch 158 is so locate d that the pawl 152 is permitted to engage-ratchet 150 as the adder to which the pawl is secured passes from to 0, and no longer, the pawl being lifted clear of the ratchet immediately after the adder to which the ratchet is secured has been advanced one number. Vhile the notch 158 is preferably arcuate, it may be of any other shape-which permits it to trip the pawl into and out of engagement with the ratchet at the proper time. In the drawings, both atchets are shown as being upon the same side of the add'ng-wheel to which they are-attached, but the. riding-disk may,

if desired, be placed between the two ratchets, or the three members may be formed integrally, no particular construction being obligatory. The ty e-disks are usually molded of type-metal, w ile the ratchets and other operating parts are preferably stamped by dies from brass or iron, and the smaller ratchet may, conveniently, serve as the hub of the wheel, being perforated at 160 for re-. ception of shaft 56. The adding-wheels shown herein are represented as hearing only ten typecharacters, while in some machines it is desirable to have twenty, thirty, or some other multiple of ten characters, so as to permitthe use of wheels of larger diameter than those depicted in the drawings of this application.- In such cases, there must be as many notches 158 or asmany pawls 152 as there are multiples of ten characters, so that every time an adding-wheel passes from 9 to 0 whether that only once with each complete revolution of or hundreds, etc.) will be transferred from partial rotation comes I that adding-wheel which has accumulated l the Wheel, or oft'ener, the ten units (or tens same to the one next higher in the series. If the adding-wheel carries characters, as in some machines, the transfer may be made only as the wheel passes from 99 to 100,? or at such other points as may be desirable. Other changes in details of construction may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The shaft 56 serves both as an axis on which to journal the adding-wheels 43, and, at the same time, forms part of the zero-setting mechanism, by wheels are returnedto 0 after the total has been taken, and the machine thereby cleared so that the calculating operation can begin anew. Said shaft is slotted at 161 for the greater portion of its length, and in this slot a comb 162 is carried, said comb having an ear or offset 163at each end, the width of the comb at its ends being approximately equal to the diameter of thesh'aft. Shaft 56 is revolubly j ournaled in perforations 164 in the side-plates 57, and'extending from each of said perforations. is a slot 165, into which slots ears 163 drop by gravity or are forced by a spring when the shaft 56' is turned to the When said ears are in-said of the comb are within-the proper position, and thus said shaft is locked are spaced-apart from each other a which all the addingthe comb is moved so that t into engagement with the type on sectors 8 sectors 8.

57(there being several levers 180 carried on each side late, the total number each of levers 180, evers 176, and keys 179 being one less than the number of adding-wheels), the upturned ends 181 of said levers 180 bearin aga nst extensions 182 on levers 176, so that by de 'ression of-the appropriate key or keys 179, t 1e transfer of units (or tens or hundreds, etc.) accumulated in any colunm to the column higher in the series is prevented. The stem of the key'17 9 is notched in two places, and the end of the spring-pressed pawl 179 is adaoted to seat in one orthe other of said notches, and, in this manner, to lock the key 179- against movement after said key has been moved either to that position where the foot 177 is held either clear of the transfer pawl or to that position where the foot prevents the transfer.

' F or the purpose of rocking the platen 103 and adding-wheels 43, keys 183 and 184 and a lever 185 are provided, and, tolock the keys 12 in place after they have been depressed, either dogs .188 which pawls 191 which cooperate with the teeth' 1 92 of rack-bar 190 are rovided, the construction and operation of all parts mentioned in this paragraph being claimed in my NO. 415,507.

The operation of thedevice may briefly be fully described and divisional application, Serial seat in sockets 17 or summarized as follows: The adding wheels are rotated or partly so, by-th e act of the operator in depressing the key or keys which register the items to be added, the extent of rotation of each wheel being governed by the distance the key controlling same is depressed. Each such partial rotation causes the add' ing-wheel to add the digit registered by the key, and, at each time that such wheel passes from 9 to 0,- showing that 10 units (or tens or hundreds, etc.) have been accumulated, the pawl 152engages the ratchet-150 attached-to the adder next higher in the series, and advances same one number. After each item has been registered, the item is .183 which rocks the platen. 103. and causes same to strike the type 34 on the The sun. of the items is printed when all the items have been added, by depressing the key 184 which rocks the platen into engagement'u' ith the adding-wheels 43. When this. has been donethe machine is shaft, being adapted to return said addingity of addingwheels,

cleared (or the addingwheels all returned to 0 by rotating the shaft 56- after the comb 162 has been lift-ed out of the slots 1.65 by dc pression ofthe key 173, and, when the adders'are all brought to .0, comb 162 will again drop into slots 165 and lock the shaft against rotation, "sothat -t1on can be commenced anew. At any time when it is desired to prevent the transfer of accumulated unitsfrom one column to an I which means all of said the adding-o'pe'raother, depression of the appropriate key 179 secures that result, by throwing the lever 176 into such position that it keeps the pawl 152 from locking with the ratchet 150.

Some of the ap ended claims state that there is a pawl an a ratchet on each sideof each adding-wheel, and this statement has been made to avoid unnecessary proliXity in defining the invention. It should be noticed, however, that the lowest addingwheel of the series requires no ratchet 150 and the highest Wheel of the serieshas no pawl 152, and the claims should be construed accordingly.

Havingthus described my said invention, what I claim and des re to secure by Letters-- Patent is: v

1. A calculating-machine comprising a plurality of. adding-Wheels each having a transfer pawl on one side and a ratchet on the other, each' pawl serving predeterminedly to engage and rotate the ratchet of the wheel adjacent, one end of each pawl being multipie-toothed.

2. A calculating machine having a plurality of addingavheels, a recessed'shaft on which same are journaled, and a comb-like member normally retained 'withinthe recess but being adapted to project therefrom, by the teeth of which member, at the time said teeth project beyond the shaft, said Wheels are returned to 0 3. A calculating-machine having a plurality of addingavlieels, a member projecting from each of same, a recessed shaft, and a toothed member normally retained within said recess but .being ada ted-to project therefrom, the teeth of sai member being adapted, when-projecting beyond the shaft, to engage said projecting members and return the Wheels to 0 4. A calculating-machine having a plural-, ity of adding-wheels, a' member pro ecting from each of same, a recessed shaft, and a toothed member normally retained within the-recess but being adapted to project therefrom, the shaft being greater in diameter than the width of said member, the teeth of said member, when projecting beyond said 5. A calculating machine having a plural a recessed shaft on whlch same are journaled, an integral mea'fis normally retained within the recess by wheels are .returned' to 0 and means predeterminedly.to cause said aforementioned means to, extend beyond said recess, said means, when thus -e tending, being adapted to engage all of sald wheels. r I

6. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-Wheels, a recessed shaft on which same are journaled, a toothed member normally retainedwithin the recess by Which returned to O, and means for holding said aforementioned means without said recess for a predetermined lengthof time, sa1d means being then adapted to engage all of.

said wheels.

8. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a recessed shaft on, which same are ournaled, a comb-likeimem ber normally retained within said recess, and a recess in the casing to receive the end of said comb, thereby to lock the shaft against rotation.

9. A calculatingmachine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a recessed shaft on which same are journaled, a comb-like member normally retained within said recess, a recess in the casing to receive the end of said comb, and means to move said comb-end out of said recess, thereby to move said comb out of the recess in said shaft.

10. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a'recessed shaft-on which same are journaled, a comb-like mem ber normally retained within said recess, an ear upon the end of said comb, and a recess in the casing to receive said ear, thereby to permit said comb to be withdrawn within said shaft-recess.

11. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a recessed shaft on which same are journaled, a comb-like member normally retained within said recess, an ear upon the end of said comb, a recess in the -casing'to receive said ear, and means to move said ear out of said recess, therebyvto move said comb out of the recess in said shaft.

12. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a recessed shaft on which same are journaled, means normally retained within the recess by which means said wheels are returned to 0, and a'yoke engaging said means to'move same out of said recess into operating position.

13. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a recessed shaft on which same are jonrnaled, a comb-like mem ber normally retained within said recess, and a yoke engaging said member and'adapted to move the teeth thereof into operating position.

14. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a recessed shaft on which same are journaled, a comb-like member normally retained within said recess, a

member projecting from each adding-wheel,

and a yoke which engages said comb like member and is adapted to move said teeth to a oint where they engage said projecting mem ers.

15. A calculatinganachine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a shaft onwhich same are journ'aled, a cavity in each addingwheel, a member projecting from each wheel into the cavity thereof, and means which cavities to predeterminedly projectinto said enga'e said members, thereby to rotate said whee s; I

:16. A calculating-machine having a plurality of addingwheels, a recessed shaft on which same arejournaled, a slot extending from the journal for said shaft, means normally retained within said recess and said slot, and a yoke with a perforated arm, which perforation snrrhunds said means and said shaft, and moves sa1d means out of said recess and said slot. 17. A calculating-machine havmg a plurality of adding-wheels, a recessed shaft on which same are journaled, a member normally retained in said recess by which member said wheels are rotated, a slot in the shaft through which said member end projects, and means to move said member end from said slot, thereby to move said member into operative position.

18. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a recessed shaft on which same. are journaled, a member normally retained in said recess, by which member said wheels are rotated, and a yoke encircling said shaftandsaid member end, said yoke being adapted to move said member into operative position. I

19. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding wheels, a ratchet on one side of each adding-wheel and a awl on the other, a perforated plate dispose between adjacent wheeis, one end of each pawl bearing against the edge of the perforation in the corresponding plate, said perforation havin a note-h into which said pawl-end rides, thereby to rock said pawl, and means for covering said notch, thereby to suspend the rocking ofsaid awl. p 20. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a ratchet on one side of each adding-wheel and a pawl on the other, a erforated plate disposed between adjacent wlieels, one end of each pawl bearing against the edge of the perforation in thecorrespond ing late, said perforation being approximate y circular but having a notch into which said pawl-end rides, thereby to rock said pawl, and means covering over said notch so as to prevent a practically unbroken'ciroular edge to said pawl-end, thereby to suspend rocking of said pawl.'

21. A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-wheels, a ratchet on one side of each addin '-wheel and a pawl on the other, a perforated plate dlSPOSQQ-bBtWQfiB adjacent I mat'ely circular .the edge of the wheels, one end of each pawl bearing against the edge of the perforation in the corresponding plate, said'perforation being approximately circular but having a notch into which said pawl-end rides, and a lever with a curved foot adapted to cover over said notch so as to present a practically unbroken circular edge to said pawl-end, thereby to suspend rocking of said pawl.

22. Acalculating-machine having apluralby to prevent rocking of'saidpawl.

23. A calculatin ity of adding-whee each adding-wheel a erforated plate disposed between adjacent wheels, one end of each pawl bearing against the edge of the perforation in the corresponding plate, said -m achine having a plurals, a ratchet on one s1de of ut'having a notc which said pawl-end rides, thereby to rock said pawl, and means exterior to said perforation over which. said When passing said notch, rocking of said pawl. 1

24. -A calculating-machine having a plurality of adding-wheels, means for transferring the numbers accumulated on any wheel to the wheel next higher in the series, and means for suspending the o eration of such transferring means, said as't mentioned means comprising a member which is inserted betweenthe wheels, an extension on said member, and a lever fulcrumed on the side-plate and engaging said extension, and means to rock said lever.

25. A calculating-machine having.a plural ity ofadding-wheels, means. pivoted upon thereby to prevent each wheel for transferring'the numbers acwheel to the Wheel next in the series, and means for suspending the operation of suchv transferring means, said last-mentioned means comprising a member which is inserted between said Wheels to a point, where it engages the transferrin means, thereby to' movement thereof,

26. A calculating-machine comprising a .cumula'ted on that g prevent the transferring plurality of-adding wheels, a ratchet on one side of each adding wheel and a transfer pawl on the other, and a movable foot adapted to be interposed between each wheel and the one adjacent toa point where it engages the transfer pawl and prevents the transferring movement thereof.

27. A'cal culating-machine having a pluhaving'a notch into end of the row of said and a pawl on the other,

erforation being. a proxi-' mto J pawl-end may ride.

' within said the numbers and means to suspend the transferring operation between a given pair of wheels'while leaving unaffected the transferring operation between the other pairs of wheels.

28-. A calculating-machine provided with a plurality of adding-wheels, a re'voluble shaft on which same are j ournaled, a member projecting from the hub of each addingwheel a member which extends from end to adding-wheels, and

means which cause said last-mentioned member to move to'a point where it-will eng'age each of said first-mentioned members when said shaft is revolved.

29. A calculating-machine provided with a plurality of adding-wheels, a revoluble recessed shaft upon which said wheels are journaled, a memberbearing a plurality of teeth, which member is normally retained within said recess, being movable toward or away from the axis of said shaft, and means for rotating said shaft, thereby to carry each tooth of said member into engagement with one of said adding-wheels and return the adding-Wheel to 0.

30. A calculating-machine provided with a plural ty of adding-wheels, a revoluble' re cessed shaft upon which said wheels are journaled, a member bearing a plurality of teeth, which member is normally retained recess, movable means engaging one end of said member, said means being adapted to move said toothed member out of said recess and means for rotating said shaft, thereby to carry each tooth of said-member into enga ement with one-of said addingwheels an return said adding-wheel to 0 31. In a calculating machine, the combi-' nation of a plurality of adding-wheels, a pawl carried on each wheel for transferring the numbers from that wheel on which any pawl is carried to the Wheel next in the series, and key-controlled means for suspending the operation of any transfer pawl.

32. In a calculating machine, the combiany transfer pawl. v

In. a caloulatingmachine, the combi- 33. nation .of a plurality of adding-wheels, a pawl carried on each wheel for'transferring from that wheel on which any pawl is carried to the wheel next in the series, and means for suspending the. operationof minedly transferring the numbers from that" wheel to the wheel adjacent, and means for suspending the transferring movement of any desired one of said movable members while leaving unaffected the transferring operation between the other pairs of wheels.

35. A calculating machine provided with a plurality of adding-wheels, a movable member pivoted upon each wheel for transferring the numbers accumulated on that wheel to the wheel adjacent, and pivoted means for suspending the operation of said transferrin means.

36. A ca culating machine provided with a plurality of addingwheels, a movable member iyoted upon each whee'lfor transferring t e numbers accumulated on that wheel to the wheel adjacent, and a depressible key for controlling each of said txansfersuspending members.

37. A calculating machine provided with a plurality of adding-wheels, a movable member )lVOtQCl upon each wheel for transferring the numbers accumulated on that wheel to the wheel adjacent, and a plurality of members each adapted to be inserted be tween two adjacent wheels to revent the transferring movement of sai firsamentioned members, each of said transfer-suspendin means being controlled independently ofthe others. i

38. A calculating machine provided with a plurality of adding wheels, a movable member ivoted upon each wheel for transferring t e numbers accumulated on that wheel to the wheel adjacent, and a plurality of members each adapted to be inserted between two adjacent wheels to revent the transferring movement of sai' first-mentioned members, and a separate key to control each of said transfer-suspendin means.

In testimony whereof I have a signature 1n presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT J. MEIER.

ed my Witnesses ELLIOTT It. GOLDSMITH,

GLADYS WALTON. 

